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Sulfur Dioxide

Apr 11 2024

Back to Enology, Part 1: Adding Sulfur Dioxide to Wine

To quote physicist Lisa Randall, “You can’t have these executive committees or congressional committees that really understand things. I mean, some things are difficult to understand, and not everyone will understand them. And it’s really important for a scientist to be able to at least get the information out there and have that taken into […]

Written by Denise Gardner · Categorized: Winemakers' Blog · Tagged: Enology, Sulfur Dioxide, Wine Education, Wine Flaws

Sep 14 2023

4 Tips to Post-Fermentation Success

While many of us are likely in the middle of harvest, it’s important to remember those post-fermentation processes that have a profound impact on wine quality. Below, I’ll review 4 tips that ensure the maintenance of wine quality as fermentation ends.  For Whites and Rosés, Rack Once, Off of Gross Lees, 24-Hours After Fermentation is […]

Written by Denise Gardner · Categorized: Winemakers' Blog · Tagged: Fermentation, Harvest, Malolactic Fermentation, MLF, Post-Harvest, Sulfur Dioxide

Aug 19 2023

The Sensory Effects of Green Juice vs. Brown Juice

In the pre-fermentation juice stages of white wine production, winemakers are provided the option to add sulfur dioxide (or not).  Do you know why you would (or wouldn’t) add sulfur dioxide to a white juice pre-fermentation?  When sulfur dioxide is added to most white juice, the browning enzyme polyphenol oxidase or PPO is inactivated. The […]

Written by Denise Gardner · Categorized: Winemakers' Blog · Tagged: Fermentation, Harvest, Sulfur Dioxide

Sep 15 2022

Are you taking adequate fermentation records?

Having adequate detail in an easy-to-navigate record keeping format allows winemakers to: quickly see past decisions,  evaluate which treatments were effective for various wines, and  assess general inventory needs on a regular basis.  While the use of wine production software systems are often helpful, many winemakers strive to take good notes on the cellar floor. […]

Written by Denise Gardner · Categorized: Cellar Tools, Winemakers' Blog · Tagged: Fermentation, Harvest, Malolactic Fermentation, Record Keeping, Sulfur Dioxide, Wine Education

Aug 12 2021

Create the Wine You Want

While each vintage is sure to deliver unexpected challenges, there are tried and true processes that can help winemakers craft the wine styles they desire with more success. What is wine style? The style of wine defines the overall body/mouthfeel and aroma of the wine produced. While several wine experts have a few different wine […]

Written by Denise Gardner · Categorized: Winemakers' Blog · Tagged: Red Wine, sparkling wine, Sulfur Dioxide, Wine Consulting, Wine Style

Apr 15 2021

The Free SO2 Bottling Dilemma

As bottling season is in full swing, I can see that many winemakers continue to struggle with free sulfur dioxide concentrations in their wines. That’s why, for the month of April, I’ve released a new Production Guide on handling free sulfur dioxide adjustments prior to bottling. This document supplements the Pre-Bottling Prep Checklists (Red, White, […]

Written by Denise Gardner · Categorized: Winemakers' Blog · Tagged: Bottling, Packaging, Sulfur Dioxide, Wine Faults, Wine Flaws

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